ऐतिहासिक निर्णय एवं केस लॉ
Comprehensive analysis of landmark judgments from the Supreme Court of India, Punjab & Haryana High Court, and other constitutional courts — with facts, ratio decidendi, and practical impact.
विनीता शर्मा बनाम राकेश शर्मा
(2020) 9 SCC 1 — Supreme Court of India (Three-Judge Bench)
Daughters have equal coparcenary rights by birth under the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005 — irrespective of whether the father was alive on the date of the amendment.
Read Full Analysisइंदौर विकास प्राधिकरण बनाम शैलेन्द्र
(2020) 3 SCC 412 — Supreme Court of India (Constitution Bench)
Section 24 of the Right to Fair Compensation Act 2013 (RFCTLARR Act) — land acquisition lapses only if both conditions met: (a) award not made AND (b) compensation not paid/deposited. "Or" in the section to be read as "and".
Read Full Analysisविद्या देवी बनाम हिमाचल प्रदेश राज्य
(2020) 2 SCC 569 — Supreme Court of India
Adverse possession against government land requires 30 years of continuous, hostile, open, and uninterrupted possession. Burden of proof is on the person claiming adverse possession.
Read Full Analysisविनीत कुमार माथुर बनाम भारत संघ
(2019) 20 SCC 710 — Supreme Court of India
Benami transactions are void under the Prohibition of Benami Property Transactions Act. Properties held benami are liable to confiscation by the government.
Read Full Analysisकुलदीप सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
CWP No. 2587 of 2018 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Guest teachers in Haryana who have served for substantial periods are entitled to consideration for regularization. The State cannot treat them as dispensable despite relying on their services for years.
Read Full Analysisएचपीएससी भर्ती अनियमितता मामले
CWP No. 24190/2018 (P&H HC) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
HPSC recruitment must be transparent and merit-based. Irregularities in selection process vitiate the entire recruitment. Courts can quash recruitment where procedural fairness is compromised.
Read Full Analysisराम किशन बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
2017 SCC OnLine P&H 2894 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Pension is a right, not a bounty. Government cannot arbitrarily withhold or reduce pension of a retired employee. Pension disputes must be resolved promptly.
Read Full Analysisराम किशन बनाम हरियाणा लोक सेवा आयोग
CWP No. 12890 of 2017 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
HPSC cannot change the criteria or weightage for selection after the recruitment process has commenced. Any change in rules mid-process violates Article 14 and principles of fairness.
Read Full Analysisप्रकाश बनाम फूलवती
(2016) 2 SCC 36 — Supreme Court of India
The 2005 Amendment to Hindu Succession Act (giving daughters equal coparcenary rights) is prospective and applies only if the father (coparcener) was alive on 9 September 2005.
Read Full Analysisसतपाल बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
CWP No. 7652 of 2015 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
The age relaxation policy for ex-servicemen in Haryana government recruitment must be applied uniformly. Discriminatory application of the policy violates Article 14.
Read Full Analysisधर्मपाल बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
CWP No. 18465 of 2015 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
The Haryana government's policy of engaging Swasthya Karyakartas (health workers) on contractual basis for decades without regularization is exploitative. Directions issued for their regularization.
Read Full Analysisकैलाश नाथ बनाम दिल्ली विकास प्राधिकरण
(2015) 4 SCC 136 — Supreme Court of India
Earnest money deposited in a property transaction can be forfeited only if the contract specifically provides for it and the forfeiture is reasonable. Court can grant relief against forfeiture if the amount is penal in nature.
Read Full Analysisसूर्य प्रकाश बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
CWP No. 27133 of 2014 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Contractual employees under HKRNL engaged for more than 240 days are entitled to regularization as per the statutory provisions. The State cannot keep workers on contract indefinitely.
Read Full Analysisसतबीर सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
2015 SCC OnLine P&H 3256 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Transfer of police constables must follow the government transfer policy. Punitive transfer without disciplinary proceedings is prohibited. Transfer cannot be used as a tool of harassment.
Read Full Analysisपंजाब राज्य बनाम राफिक मसीह
(2015) 4 SCC 334 — Supreme Court of India
Government cannot recover excess payments from employees where: (a) payment was not due to employee's misrepresentation, (b) employee had no knowledge of overpayment, and (c) employee has already spent the amount in good faith.
Read Full Analysisभूमि अधिग्रहण मुआवजा मामला
(2014) 3 SCC 183 — Supreme Court of India
Under the new RFCTLARR Act, compensation for land acquisition must include market value plus 100% solatium, and rehabilitation and resettlement benefits are mandatory.
Read Full Analysisविनोद कुमार बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
2014 SCC OnLine P&H 22487 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Government policy on regularization of contractual employees under HKRNL must be implemented uniformly. Selective application violates Article 14.
Read Full Analysisनवनीत कौर बनाम दिल्ली राज्य (भुल्लर मामला)
Curative Petition (Crl.) No. 88 of 2013 — Supreme Court of India
Inordinate delay in disposal of mercy petition and mental illness are supervening circumstances for commutation of death sentence, applicable to all cases including TADA.
Read Full Analysisगुरजीत सिंह बनाम पंजाब राज्य (हक़ शफ़ा)
(2014) 9 SCC 461 — Supreme Court of India
Pre-emption suit must be filed within prescribed limitation. Pre-emptor must deposit or offer the sale consideration. Delay defeats the right of pre-emption.
Read Full Analysisसुरेश कुमार बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
CWP No. 21456 of 2013 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
The Haryana Civil Services (General) Rules govern seniority determination. Inter se seniority must be strictly as per the date of joining and merit position in the select list.
Read Full Analysisउप पुलिस महानिरीक्षक बनाम एस. समुत्तिरम
(2013) 1 SCC 598 — Supreme Court of India
Directions issued to combat eve-teasing nationwide — deployment of plain-clothed female police, CCTV installation, complaint committees in all institutions.
Read Full Analysisदीप्ती प्रकाश बनर्जी बनाम सत्येन्द्र नाथ बोस राष्ट्रीय केन्द्र
(2013) 6 SCC 336 — Supreme Court of India
Temporary or contractual employees who have worked for years cannot be terminated without following principles of natural justice. However, regularization cannot be claimed as of right.
Read Full Analysisराजबीर सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
CWP No. 5731 of 2013 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
HPSC recruitment must be fair, transparent and in accordance with prescribed rules. If the selection process is vitiated by irregularities, the entire recruitment can be quashed.
Read Full Analysisअमरनाथ तीर्थस्थान मामला (स्वतः संज्ञान)
(2013) 3 SCC 247 — Supreme Court of India
Right to life under Article 21 includes right to live with dignity, safety, and clean environment. Religious tourism must balance with environmental protection.
Read Full Analysisमुख्तियार सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य (भूमि उपयोग परिवर्तन)
2013 SCC OnLine P&H 22134 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Change of Land Use (CLU) permission is mandatory before converting agricultural land to non-agricultural use in Haryana. Construction without CLU is illegal.
Read Full Analysisहरियाणा राज्य बनाम रानी देवी
2012 SCC OnLine P&H 4128 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Women in Haryana have equal right to ancestral property after the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act 2005. Daughters are coparceners by birth and have equal inheritance rights.
Read Full Analysisसहारा इंडिया रियल एस्टेट बनाम सेबी
AIR 2012 SC 3829 — Supreme Court of India (Constitution Bench)
Right to free trial and right to free press must be balanced. Courts can impose reasonable restrictions on media reporting to protect fair trial rights.
Read Full Analysisसूरज लैम्प एंड इंडस्ट्रीज बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
(2012) 1 SCC 656 — Supreme Court of India
Sale of immovable property through General Power of Attorney (GPA), Agreement to Sell, and Will is not a valid mode of transfer. Only a registered sale deed transfers title to immovable property.
Read Full Analysisसूरज लैम्प एंड इंडस्ट्रीज बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
(2012) 1 SCC 656 — Supreme Court of India
Sale of immovable property through General Power of Attorney, Agreement to Sell, and Will (GPA-ATS-Will transactions) does not convey title. Only a registered sale deed transfers ownership.
Read Full Analysisरामलीला मैदान घटना मामला
(2012) 5 SCC 1 — Supreme Court of India
Right to peaceful protest and assembly is a fundamental right. Police use of force against sleeping protesters at midnight was unconstitutional.
Read Full Analysisराष्ट्रीय जलविद्युत निगम बनाम नर्मदा
(2011) 6 SCC 803 — Supreme Court of India
Transfer policy must be uniform and non-discriminatory. The employer must follow its own transfer policy. Arbitrary departure from transfer policy is violative of Article 14.
Read Full Analysisपवन प्रताप सिंह बनाम रीवन सिंह
(2011) 3 SCC 267 — Supreme Court of India
Compassionate appointment is not a vested right but a concession. Must be granted within reasonable time and only to needy dependents.
Read Full Analysisके.टी. प्लांटेशन बनाम कर्नाटक राज्य
(2011) 9 SCC 1 — Supreme Court of India (Constitution Bench)
Right to property is a constitutional right under Article 300A. Deprivation requires authority of law, public purpose, and fair compensation.
Read Full Analysisभगवान दास बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
CWP No. 3467 of 2011 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Gram Panchayat employees in Haryana are entitled to minimum wages and cannot be paid below the prescribed minimum. The Panchayat cannot claim financial inability to deny minimum wages.
Read Full Analysisकुलदीप सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
(2011) 5 SCC 258 — Supreme Court of India
Daily-wage workers in Haryana government who have completed 240 days of continuous service cannot be terminated without compliance with Section 25F of Industrial Disputes Act.
Read Full Analysisनर्मदा बचाओ आंदोलन बनाम मध्य प्रदेश राज्य (PIL)
AIR 2011 SC 1989, (2011) 7 SCC 639 — Supreme Court of India
Rules relating to maintainability of PIL explained — PIL must not be used for personal gain or as a publicity tool. Courts must scrutinize bona fides of PIL petitioners.
Read Full Analysisअरुणा शानबाग बनाम भारत संघ (मृत्यु का अधिकार)
(2011) 4 SCC 454 — Supreme Court of India
Passive euthanasia is permissible in India under strict guidelines. Active euthanasia remains illegal. Right to die with dignity is recognized.
Read Full Analysisदेवी लाल बनाम हरियाणा राज्य (लाल डोरा)
2011 SCC OnLine P&H 15234 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Lal Dora land (village abadi area) is subject to Haryana development regulations. Construction on Lal Dora land now requires compliance with building norms in notified areas.
Read Full Analysisएस. खुशबू बनाम कन्नियम्मल
AIR 2010 SC 3196, (2010) 5 SCC 600 — Supreme Court of India
Freedom of speech includes the right to express views on social issues. Media must follow responsible reporting guidelines for sub-judice matters.
Read Full Analysisकर्नाटक राज्य बनाम एम.एल. केसरी
(2010) 9 SCC 247 — Supreme Court of India
The one-time exception in Umadevi for regularization of employees who worked 10+ years applies to all such employees irrespective of whether they were parties to that case.
Read Full Analysisनगर समिति, पंचकुला बनाम सुरिंदर कौर
LPA No. 1082 of 2010 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Employees of Municipal Committees and Municipal Corporations in Haryana constitute separate cadres. Seniority in one cadre cannot be counted for promotion in a different cadre.
Read Full Analysisराजिन्दर सिंह बनाम सांता सिंह
(2010) 5 SCC 91 — Supreme Court of India
Permission of the competent authority is mandatory for sale of agricultural land in Punjab and Haryana to persons who are not agriculturists. Sale without permission is void.
Read Full Analysisबलदेव सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य (शामलात देह)
2010 SCC OnLine P&H 8312 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Shamlat deh (village common land) cannot be sold, transferred, or encroached upon. Panchayat has duty to protect common land for community use.
Read Full Analysisनाज़ फाउंडेशन बनाम दिल्ली सरकार
2010 CriLJ 94, (2009) 3 RCR (Criminal) 523 — Delhi High Court (Division Bench)
Section 377 IPC unconstitutional insofar as it criminalizes consensual sexual acts between adults in private. Right to privacy and dignity includes sexual orientation.
Read Full Analysisरघुनाथ बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
(2009) 3 SCC 208 — Supreme Court of India
In land acquisition proceedings, the market value must reflect the genuine market rate prevailing at the time of Section 4 notification. Courts must consider sale deeds of comparable properties.
Read Full Analysisग्राम पंचायत, गाँव नहरी बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
2009 SCC OnLine P&H 5678 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Gram Panchayat has locus standi to protect village common lands. Encroachment on pond (johad), cremation ground, or charanghah must be removed by the State.
Read Full Analysisहेमाजी वाघजी जाट बनाम भीखाभाई खेंगरभाई हरिजन
(2009) 16 SCC 517 — Supreme Court of India
Adverse possession is a concept which rewards the trespasser and punishes the rightful owner. Courts should strictly scrutinize claims of adverse possession.
Read Full Analysisहरियाणा राज्य बनाम गुरनाम सिंह
(2009) 16 SCC 269 — Supreme Court of India
Promotion to a higher post must be based on the relevant recruitment and promotion rules. The State cannot bypass the rules by making ad hoc promotions indefinitely.
Read Full Analysisके.बी. साहा एंड सन्स बनाम डेवलपमेंट कंसल्टेंट
(2008) 8 SCC 564 — Supreme Court of India
Specific performance of contract for sale of immovable property is a discretionary remedy. The court considers conduct of parties, readiness and willingness to perform, and whether damages would be adequate.
Read Full Analysisटेक चंद बनाम हरियाणा राज्य (बँटवारा)
2008 SCC OnLine P&H 12456 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Revenue court has jurisdiction to partition agricultural land. Partition by metes and bounds should ensure each co-sharer gets a compact block of land equivalent to their share.
Read Full Analysisदेविन्दर सिंह बनाम पंजाब राज्य
(2008) 1 SCC 728 — Supreme Court of India
During pendency of consolidation proceedings under the East Punjab Holdings (Consolidation and Prevention of Fragmentation) Act, civil courts have no jurisdiction over land disputes covered by consolidation.
Read Full Analysisराजबीर सिंह दलाल बनाम चौधरी देवी लाल विश्वविद्यालय
(2008) 9 SCC 284 — Supreme Court of India
University recruitment must follow UGC norms and guidelines. Appointments made in violation of minimum qualification requirements are void ab initio.
Read Full Analysisटेक चंद बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
2007 SCC OnLine P&H 1856 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Regularization of contractual employees under HKRNL is subject to fulfillment of conditions prescribed. Government must frame clear policy for absorption of daily-wage workers.
Read Full Analysisआई.आर. कोएल्हो बनाम तमिलनाडु राज्य
AIR 2007 SC 861, (2007) 2 SCC 1 — Supreme Court of India (9-Judge Constitution Bench)
Laws placed in the Ninth Schedule after 24 April 1973 are subject to judicial review if they violate the basic structure of the Constitution.
Read Full Analysisनगर समिति, पटियाला बनाम मॉडल टाउन निवासी संघ
(2007) 8 SCC 669 — Supreme Court of India
Municipal bodies have a statutory duty to provide basic civic services. Failure to provide water supply, sanitation, and roads is actionable. Citizens can enforce municipal obligations through writ petitions.
Read Full Analysisगुरदेव कौर बनाम काकी
(2007) 10 SCC 21 — Supreme Court of India
A woman who has been in possession of property as part of a settlement or agreement cannot be evicted without following due process. Possession is nine-tenths of the law.
Read Full Analysisएपुरू सुधाकर बनाम आंध्र प्रदेश सरकार
2006 AIR (SC) 3385, (2006) 8 SCC 161 — Supreme Court of India
Presidential/Governor's pardon power is not immune from judicial review. Pardon can be cancelled if obtained by fraud, misrepresentation, or non-application of mind.
Read Full Analysisएम.वी. बिजलानी बनाम भारत संघ
(2006) 5 SCC 88 — Supreme Court of India
Promotion is not a fundamental right but employee has a right to be considered. Supersession must be based on rational and non-arbitrary criteria.
Read Full Analysisचिमनलाल जगजीवनदास बनाम श्रीचंद केशरीचंद
AIR 2006 SC 3284 — Supreme Court of India
In suit for partition, the court considers both the shares of the parties and the equities. The plaintiff in a partition suit is not entitled to specific portion but to his share in the totality of property.
Read Full Analysisकर्नाटक राज्य सचिव बनाम उमा देवी
(2006) 4 SCC 1 — Supreme Court of India (Constitution Bench)
Irregular or contractual appointments cannot claim regularization as a matter of right. Public employment must follow Articles 14 and 16 — recruitment through proper process.
Read Full Analysisसचिव, कर्नाटक राज्य बनाम उमादेवी (3)
(2006) 4 SCC 1 — Supreme Court of India (Constitution Bench)
Regularization of irregular or contractual appointments cannot be claimed as a matter of right. Only duly selected candidates through proper recruitment process are entitled to regular appointments.
Read Full Analysisएम.वी. बिजलानी बनाम भारत संघ
(2006) 5 SCC 88 — Supreme Court of India
Next-below-rule — when a senior officer's seniority is restored, all consequential benefits including promotion must follow. Officers promoted in the interim do not lose their right.
Read Full Analysisएम.ए. रशीद बनाम केरल राज्य
(2005) 2 SCC 18 — Supreme Court of India
The pay scale attached to a post at the time of appointment is a term of service. Any downward revision of pay scale without following due process and without valid justification is arbitrary.
Read Full Analysisहरियाणा रोडवेज बनाम रूधन सिंह
2005 (3) SCT 590 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Haryana Roadways employees appointed on daily wages who have completed more than 10 years of service are entitled to be regularized in accordance with the Umadevi principles.
Read Full Analysisनगर पालिका, जींद बनाम जगत राम
2005 SCC OnLine P&H 1887 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Municipal land cannot be adversely possessed. Public property vested in municipality or panchayat is not subject to adverse possession claims by private individuals.
Read Full Analysisहिमाचल प्रदेश बनाम गुजरात अम्बुजा सीमेंट लि.
(2005) 6 SCC 499 — Supreme Court of India
Land ceiling laws prevail over subsequent transactions. Surplus land vests in the State by operation of law. No individual can hold land exceeding the prescribed ceiling.
Read Full Analysisगंगा राम बनाम हुडा
(2005) 12 SCC 167 — Supreme Court of India
HUDA (now HSVP) allotments must follow transparent procedure. Arbitrary cancellation of allotment without hearing is violative of Article 14. Allottees have a legitimate expectation of fair treatment.
Read Full Analysisबलवंत एन. विश्वामित्र बनाम यादव सदाशिव मुले
(2004) 8 SCC 706 — Supreme Court of India
A sale deed once executed and registered transfers title to the vendee. The vendor cannot unilaterally cancel the sale deed. Cancellation requires a decree of court.
Read Full Analysisरामे गौड़ा बनाम एम. वरदप्पा नायडू
(2004) 1 SCC 769 — Supreme Court of India
Government land cannot be adversely possessed. No person can claim ownership of government land by adverse possession. The Limitation Act bars the remedy, not the right.
Read Full Analysisपी.यू. जोशी बनाम महालेखाकार
(2003) 2 SCC 632 — Supreme Court of India
Equal pay for equal work is a constitutional goal but not an absolute right. Difference in pay scales can be justified by difference in qualifications, responsibilities, and experience.
Read Full Analysisशांति देवी बनाम हुकम चंद
(2003) 2 PLR 393 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court (Full Bench)
Right of pre-emption under Punjab Pre-emption Act is available to co-sharers and adjoining owners. The right must be exercised within the statutory period.
Read Full Analysisजय सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य (पूर्व क्रय अधिकार)
RSA No. 2834 of 2002 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
The right of pre-emption under the Punjab Pre-emption Act (applicable to Haryana) is a weak right. It must be exercised strictly within the prescribed limitation period and conditions.
Read Full Analysisश्रीमती राम देवी बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
2003 (2) RSJ 625 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Haryana government must follow the 1996 transfer policy for police personnel. Mass arbitrary transfers violate Article 14. A transfer order without adherence to the transfer policy is liable to be quashed.
Read Full Analysisसतबीर सिंह बनाम हरियाणा राज्य (भूमि हदबंदी)
2003 SCC OnLine P&H 578 — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Land ceiling laws must be strictly followed. Benami transactions to circumvent ceiling limits are void. Surplus land vests in the State for redistribution.
Read Full Analysisबलराम कुमावत बनाम भारत संघ
(2003) 7 SCC 628 — Supreme Court of India
Mutation in revenue records does not create or extinguish title. It is merely a fiscal/administrative process for revenue collection and has no bearing on ownership rights.
Read Full Analysisरजिस्ट्रार जनरल, मद्रास उच्च न्यायालय बनाम आर. पेरासी
(2003) 7 SCC 222 — Supreme Court of India
A person promoted on temporary/officiating basis has no right to the promotional post. Reversion of such person to the parent cadre is not punitive and does not require disciplinary proceedings.
Read Full Analysisबी.एस. बाजवा बनाम पंजाब राज्य
(2002) 1 SCC 187 — Supreme Court of India
Settled seniority cannot be disturbed retrospectively. Reopening seniority after long gap causes grave prejudice.
Read Full Analysisभारत संघ बनाम लोकतांत्रिक सुधार संघ
AIR 2002 SC 2112, (2002) 5 SCC 294 — Supreme Court of India
Citizens have a fundamental right to know the antecedents of election candidates — criminal record, assets, liabilities, and educational qualifications must be disclosed.
Read Full Analysisएस.एन. कक्कड़ बनाम नंद किशोर भैया
(2002) 5 SCC 499 — Supreme Court of India
For adverse possession, the possession must be open, continuous, hostile, and to the knowledge of the true owner for 12 years. Mere occupation is not enough.
Read Full Analysisभारत संघ बनाम एस.के. सिन्हा
(2001) 4 SCC 228 — Supreme Court of India
Compassionate appointment is not a vested right but a concession. It must be made only to meet the immediate financial crisis of the bereaved family. Delay of several years defeats the purpose.
Read Full Analysisओम कुमार बनाम भारत संघ
(2001) 2 SCC 386 — Supreme Court of India
Proportionality principle applies to disciplinary proceedings. The punishment imposed must be proportionate to the gravity of misconduct. Shockingly disproportionate punishment can be set aside by courts.
Read Full Analysisश्याम सुंदर बनाम राम कुमार
(2001) 8 SCC 24 — Supreme Court of India
In a partition suit, every coparcener has an indefeasible right to his share. Court must pass preliminary decree determining shares and then final decree for actual division.
Read Full Analysisके. दुरईसामी बनाम तमिलनाडु राज्य
(2001) 2 SCC 538 — Supreme Court of India
Daily wage workers performing same duties as regular employees for years are entitled to equal wages. State cannot exploit labour by keeping workers on daily wages indefinitely.
Read Full Analysisरुद्र कुमार सैन बनाम भारत संघ
(2000) 8 SCC 25 — Supreme Court of India
If the initial appointment is illegal and void, no right accrues to the appointee. An illegal appointment cannot be regularized.
Read Full Analysisरूद्र कुमार सैन बनाम भारत संघ
(2000) 8 SCC 25 — Supreme Court of India
Compassionate appointment is not a vested right but an exception to the normal rule of recruitment. It must be granted immediately after death/retirement of the breadwinner, not after years of delay.
Read Full Analysisनर्मदा बचाओ आंदोलन बनाम भारत संघ (बांध मामला)
AIR 2000 SC 3751, (2000) 10 SCC 664 — Supreme Court of India
Large dam construction permitted subject to compliance with environmental conditions, proper rehabilitation of displaced persons, and monitoring by authorities.
Read Full Analysisविद्याधर बनाम मानिकराव
(1999) 3 SCC 573 — Supreme Court of India
A Hindu coparcener has the right to seek partition of joint family property at any time. No coparcener can prevent another from exercising the right to partition.
Read Full Analysisविद्या देवी बनाम हिमाचल प्रदेश राज्य
(1999) 2 SCC 4 — Supreme Court of India
Mutation in revenue records does not confer title. It is merely a fiscal record for revenue collection purposes. Title can only be determined by a competent civil court.
Read Full Analysisविनीत नारायण बनाम भारत संघ (हवाला मामला)
AIR 1998 SC 889, (1998) 1 SCC 226 — Supreme Court of India
CBI must be insulated from political pressure. CVC given statutory status. Directions issued for independence of investigating agencies in cases against powerful persons.
Read Full Analysisफकीर चंद बनाम श्री निवास
(1998) 4 RCR (Civil) 455 (P&H) — Punjab & Haryana High Court
Eviction of tenants in Haryana is governed by the Haryana Urban (Control of Rent and Eviction) Act. Landlord must prove specific grounds for eviction.
Read Full Analysisबी.वी. शिवैय्या बनाम के. अड्डांकी बाबू
(1998) 6 SCC 720 — Supreme Court of India
A person appointed to a particular cadre/post cannot be unilaterally transferred to a different cadre. The conditions of service at the time of appointment are binding on both employer and employee.
Read Full Analysisडी.के. बसु बनाम पश्चिम बंगाल राज्य
AIR 1997 SC 610, (1997) 1 SCC 416 — Supreme Court of India
Comprehensive guidelines for arrest and detention to prevent custodial violence. Compensation for violation of fundamental rights during custody.
Read Full Analysisसुरिंदर सिंह बनाम पंजाब राज्य
(1997) 10 SCC 576 — Supreme Court of India
Reversion from a higher post to the lower cadre is not a punishment if the employee held the higher post only in an officiating or temporary capacity. The employee has no vested right in the higher post.
Read Full Analysisसमता बनाम आंध्र प्रदेश राज्य
AIR 1997 SC 3297, (1997) 8 SCC 191 — Supreme Court of India
Transfer of tribal land to non-tribals including mining companies is prohibited in Scheduled Areas. Right to livelihood of tribals is not mere survival but life with dignity.
Read Full Analysisएस.एस. बोला बनाम बी.डी. सरदाना
(1997) 8 SCC 522 — Supreme Court of India (Constitution Bench)
Seniority of ad hoc/temporary promotees vis-à-vis regular promotees clarified. Length of continuous officiation in promotional post determines seniority subject to rules.
Read Full Analysisविशाखा बनाम राजस्थान राज्य
(1997) 6 SCC 241, AIR 1997 SC 3011 — Supreme Court of India
Sexual harassment at workplace defined and guidelines issued (Vishaka Guidelines). Right to work with dignity is a fundamental right under Articles 14, 19(1)(g), and 21.
Read Full Analysisहरियाणा राज्य बनाम जसमेर सिंह
(1996) 11 SCC 77 — Supreme Court of India
Contractual employee retained beyond tenure cannot be terminated without following principles of natural justice.
Read Full Analysisबृहन्मुंबई नगर निगम बनाम औद्योगिक विकास निवेश कंपनी
(1996) 11 SCC 501 — Supreme Court of India
An unauthorized construction can be demolished by the municipal authority without prior notice only in exceptional cases. Normally, principles of natural justice require notice and hearing before demolition.
Read Full Analysisपवन कुमार बनाम हरियाणा राज्य
(1996) 2 SCC 714 — Supreme Court of India
Seniority in government service is a valuable civil right. It cannot be taken away without following due process of law. Any alteration of seniority list must be preceded by notice and hearing.
Read Full Analysisचमेली सिंह बनाम उत्तर प्रदेश राज्य
AIR 1996 SC 1051, (1996) 2 SCC 549 — Supreme Court of India
Right to shelter is a fundamental right under Article 21. Right to livelihood includes the right to adequate housing as part of the right to live with dignity.
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